A small object of mass $m$ is attached to a string of length $L$ and whirled in a horizontal circle at a constant speed. The string makes an angle $\theta$ with the vertical, as shown below. Which of the following statements best explains the relationship between the tension in the string, $T$, and the object’s speed, $v$?
The tension $T$ is independent of the object’s speed $v$ because the gravitational force balances the vertical component of the tension.
The tension $T$ increases as the speed $v$ increases because a larger horizontal component of the tension is required to provide the necessary centripetal force.
The tension $T$ decreases as the speed $v$ increases because the vertical component of the tension must decrease to maintain a constant angle $\theta$.
The tension $T$ remains constant as the speed $v$ increases, provided the radius of the circular path is adjusted proportionally to $v$.
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Create Free Account Log inThis is a free VCE Units 3 & 4 Physics practice question worth 1 mark, testing your understanding of Uniform circular motion. It falls under How do physicists explain motion in two dimensions? in Unit 3: How do fields explain motion and electricity?. Submit your answer above to receive instant AI-powered marking and personalised feedback.
In this unit students use Newton’s laws to investigate motion in one and two dimensions. They explore the concept of the field as a model used by physicists to explain observations of motion of objects not in apparent contact. Students compare and contrast three fundamental fields – gravitational, magnetic and electric – and how they relate to one another. They consider the importance of the field to the motion of particles within the field. Students examine the production of electricity and its delivery to homes. They explore fields in relation to the transmission of electricity over large distances and in the design and operation of particle accelerators. A student-designed practical investigation involving the generation of primary data and including one continuous, independent variable related to fields, motion or light is undertaken either in Unit 3 or Unit 4, or across both Units 3 and 4, and is assessed in Unit 4, Outcome 2. The design, analysis and findings of the investigation are presented in a scientific poster format.
In this area of study, students use Newton’s laws of motion to analyse linear motion, circular motion and projectile motion. Newton’s laws of motion give important insights into a range of motion both on Earth and beyond through the investigations of objects on land and in orbit. They explore the motion of objects under the influence of a gravitational field on the surface of Earth, close to Earth and above Earth. They explore the relationships between force, energy and mass.
Investigate and analyse theoretically and practically the uniform circular motion of an object moving in a horizontal plane: F = mv²/r, including: • a vehicle moving around a circular road • a vehicle moving around a banked track • an object on the end of a string
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