A scientist is comparing the nucleotide composition of DNA and RNA extracted from a eukaryotic cell. Which of the following statements accurately describes a key difference they would observe?
DNA contains ribose as its pentose sugar, while RNA contains deoxyribose.
DNA contains thymine as one of its nitrogenous bases, while RNA contains uracil.
DNA is typically single-stranded, while RNA is typically double-stranded.
DNA contains phosphate groups, while RNA contains sulfate groups.
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Create Free Account Log inThis is a free VCE Units 3 & 4 Biology practice question worth 1 mark, testing your understanding of DNA/RNA structure comparison. It falls under What is the role of nucleic acids and proteins in maintaining life? in Unit 3: How do cells maintain life?. Submit your answer above to receive instant AI-powered marking and personalised feedback.
In this unit students investigate the workings of the cell from several perspectives. They explore the relationship between nucleic acids and proteins as key molecules in cellular processes. Students analyse the structure and function of nucleic acids as information molecules, gene structure and expression in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and proteins as a diverse group of functional molecules. They examine the biological consequences of manipulating the DNA molecule and applying biotechnologies. Students explore the structure, regulation and rate of biochemical pathways, with reference to photosynthesis and cellular respiration. They explore how the application of biotechnologies to biochemical pathways could lead to improvements in agricultural practices. Students apply their knowledge of cellular processes through investigation of a selected case study, data analysis and/or a bioethical issue. Examples of investigation topics include, but are not limited to: discovery and development of the model of the structure of DNA; proteomic research applications; transgenic organism use in agriculture; use, research and regulation of gene technologies, including CRISPR-Cas9; outcomes and unexpected consequences of the use of enzyme inhibitors such as pesticides and drugs; research into increasing efficiency of photosynthesis or cellular respiration or impact of poisons on the cellular respiration pathway. A student-designed scientific investigation related to cellular processes and/or responses to challenges over time is undertaken in either Unit 3 or Unit 4, or across both Units 3 and 4, and is assessed in Unit 4, Outcome 3. The design, analysis and findings of the investigation are presented in a scientific poster format as outlined in the study design.
In this area of study students explore the expression of the information encoded in a sequence of DNA to form a protein and outline the nature of the genetic code and the proteome. They apply their knowledge to the structure and function of the DNA molecule to examine how molecular tools and techniques can be used to manipulate the molecule for a particular purpose. Students compare gene technologies used to address human and agricultural issues and consider the ethical implications of their use.
nucleic acids as information molecules that encode instructions for the synthesis of proteins: the structure of DNA, the three main forms of RNA (mRNA, rRNA and tRNA) and a comparison of their respective nucleotides
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Which of the following statements accurately describes a key structural difference between DNA and RNA?
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